Russell has a PhD in the history of medicine, violence, and colonialism. His research has explored topics including ethics, science governance, and medical involvement in violent contexts. Russell has ...

Computational modeling shows that plate tectonics weren't necessary for early continents. The formation of Earth's continents billions of years ago set the stage for life to thrive. But scientists ...

If you were to imagine all of Earth's history as just one day, as in Carl Sagan's cosmic calendar, humans wouldn't arrive ...

Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum Fields and Fundamental Forces from Imperial College London.View full profile Alfredo has a PhD in Astrophysics and a Master's in Quantum ...

When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. New model suggests an ocean of magma formed within the first few hundred million years of Earth's ...

In 2005, I was navigating winding roads through the Drakensberg Mountains, in Lesotho, Southern Africa. Towering cliff-like features known as escarpments interrupt the landscape, rising up by a ...

How old is Earth? Our planet's age is known from a variety of sources, from rocks on our own planet to ones from the moon. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate ...

Thomas Gernon receives funding from the WoodNext Foundation, a component fund administered by the Greater Houston Community Foundation. In 2005, I was navigating winding roads through the Drakensberg ...