The ocean floor hosts a remarkable diversity of plant life, vital for both marine ecosystems and the planet’s health. Unlike land plants, underwater flora must adapt to low light, high pressure, and ...

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As the Arctic Ocean loses its sea ice due to climate change, sunlight penetrates deeper into the water and encourages the growth of tiny plant-like organisms (phytoplankton). But to thrive, they need ...

Marine researchers exploring extreme depths say they have discovered an astonishing deep-sea ecosystem of chemosynthetic life that’s fueled by gases escaping from fractures in the ocean bed. The ...

Primitive green algae in aquatic environments use a distinct light-harvesting complex called Lhcp, which differs from the LHCII found in land plants, suggesting an evolutionary transition that ...