A finger-length fish has reignited a long-running debate about self-awareness, cognition and how much we’ve underestimated animal minds.

Gorillas may have greater self-awareness than scientists previously thought. A new study finds that gorillas perform just as ...

Humans are well known for looking in the mirror and responding to their reflections. Interestingly, scientific research has revealed that it is a rare trait among animals, with only a few species ...

Awareness, especially self-awareness, is very difficult to study. Self-awareness evolved among our animal ancestors and is found in their descendants today. Its presence can be detected using the ...

Source: Bert de Tilly, via Wikimedia Commons. Distributed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license. Since the 1970s, scientists have employed the mirror test as an assay of self-awareness. If an animal or child ...

Adélie penguins seem to have passed a portion of the mirror test, in which animals that see their reflection in a mirror appear to recognise that they are seeing themselves and not another individual.