Music labels and equipment suppliers hope that high-resolution-audio formats, such as DVD-Audio and SACD (Super Audio CD), will be the latest in a string of mostly successful upgrade “pitches” ...

Noise is the real enemy of data communications. Whenever electrons travel over a wire or radiate through space, they generate some electromagnetic noise. Therefore, whenever a data signal is sent ...

This article will review flow cytometry to help readers understand the challenges faced when increasing flow cytometer SNR (signal-to-noise ratio). Quick review: What is flow cytometry? Flow cytometry ...

In my initial column last month, I talked about why I prefer charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras over hand-held digital ones. This month, I continue my discussion of CCD imaging by examining something ...

There is an art to making good measurements. In the ideal case, you want a really sensitive measuring device so that you can measure the smallest of changes to the signal you are interested in. But ...

Two years ago, a medical professional approached scientists at the University of Tabriz in Iran with an interesting problem: Patients were having headaches after pacemaker implants. Working together ...

The ratio of the power or volume (amplitude) of a signal to the amount of disturbance (the noise) mixed in with it. Measured in decibels, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR, S/N) measures the clarity of the ...

Researchers have designed electromechanically reconfigurable ultrathin optical elements that can be controlled and programmed on a pixel-by-pixel level. These versatile metasurfaces could offer a new ...