Many solid materials "remember" their past. A piece of metal may respond differently after being stretched, heated, or cooled, and memory materials rely precisely on this kind of history-dependent ...

Thermodynamic analysis in smelting processes entails the quantitative evaluation of energy changes and phase stability that govern the conversion of ores into metallic products. At its core lies the ...

In biophysics, the kinetic states of molecules play a determining role in the metabolic and physiological processes in which they take part. Now, a new article specifies for the first time the levels ...

In the loop: PhD student Monika Monika takes a closer look at the negative-temperature experimental setup in Jena. (Courtesy: Ira Winkler/University Jena) Researchers in Germany and the US have ...

Economic and other factors have had a large influence on the movement away from coal to other energy sources. One of these influences was the rapid growth of hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) that ...

The Laws of Thermodynamics are the foundation of heat transfer and energy work. When any engineer is designing or implementing a system, the consideration of heat loss or energy produced is influenced ...

Metabolic processes are chemical reactions and these often involve generation of heat. Living organisms, however, do not follow all the laws of thermodynamics. Organisms are open systems that exchange ...

Abstract: The aviation industry is undergoing significant improvements in aircraft efficiency, driven by technological innovation and evolving performance demands. In this lecture, we will explore the ...