CMOS voltage reference circuits are integral to modern electronic systems, providing a stable and reproducible voltage that underpins the performance of myriad integrated devices. These circuits ...

Some of my recent columns discuss the functions and advantages of zener-diode references (references 1, 2, and 3). Although zener diodes are stable and precise voltage references, they require high ...

The voltage reference is the last ingredient necessary to build a voltage regulator, otherwise known as the king of power management and power conversion. The most popular voltage references are based ...

The Bandgap Reference (BGR) circuit is a key element in Very-large-scale Integration (VLSI) designs, providing a stable reference voltage that is crucial for the performance and reliability of analog ...

What are the key specs for a bandgap reference? Details regarding the error amplifier. The architecture of a conventional bandgap reference. The ingredients for a ...

Many embedded systems require a stable, low-noise DC reference. This reference can be a stable current or voltage source. These references are used in many ways. Some typical uses are listed as ...

Because most of today's digital logic, mixed-signal, and analog circuits include a voltage reference, designers must understand how references operate and how to choose from among the available types.

In order to interface with the "real world", cell phones require system-on-a-chip (SoC)-level integration of high-performance digital-to-analog (DAC) and/or analog-to-digital (ADC) conversion IP ...

Arm is working on a 65nm low-voltage low-power Cortex-M33 processor called Mono, and it needed a low-power voltage reference to detect when the battery is getting low – Mono is for battery-powered ...

Nerd Ralph loves cheap and dirty hacks, and for that we applaud him. His latest endeavor is a LiFePO4 battery charger that he made out of parts he had on hand for under $0.50 US. (Although we think he ...