Imagine a patient in their late sixties who has been living with a bioprosthetic aortic valve when, due to calcium buildup, the valve begins to fail and must be replaced. Because of the patient’s ...

Coronary artery disease — or CAD — is a heart disease that’s often treated with medications as well as lifestyle and dietary changes. If your condition worsens, your doctor might suggest percutaneous ...

An atherectomy is a minimally invasive procedure to remove plaque buildup from an artery (blood vessel). Removing this plaque allows blood to flow more freely through the artery. An atherectomy treats ...

The excessive deficit procedure aims to ensure that all member states maintain low government debt or reduce high debt to sustainable levels. On this page: What is the excessive deficit procedure?